Food quality influenced the survival of larvae and the duration of the larval stage. Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegv is a tortricidspeci. Controlledrelease pheromone dispenser for use in traps to. Clgv cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus acronymfinder. Cryptophlebia leucotreta invasive species list and. In laboratory studies in south africa on the biology of cryptophlebia leucotreta meyr. Thaumatotibia cryptophlebia leucotreta, commonly known as the false codling moth, orange moth, citrus codling moth or orange codling moth, is a moth in the family tortricidae under the order of lepidoptera. Tortricidae is native to ethiopia and subsaharan africa. A study of the biology of the false codling moth cryptophlebia leucotreta meyr. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Novel virus discovery in entomopathogenic nematodes 10. African entomology publishes original research and communications on entomology, with an emphasis on the advancement of entomology on the african continent.
Laboratory evaluation of temperature effects on the efficacy of cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegvsa on fourth instar false codling moth larvae d. Field trials were conducted in the western cape province, south africa, to develop a sex pheromone dispenser suitable for monitoring the flight activity of false codling moth. Tortricidae has been known as a pest of citrus since the beginning of the century. The eppo panel on phytosanitary measures decided that this pest should be added to the eppo alert list. In 1998 an experiment was conducted for the republic of. They are among the frequently used beneficial biocontrol agents of numerous insect pests in agriculture, forestry and health. Also excluded are common names and obsolete names for viruses for a list of virus genera, see list of virus genera for a list of virus families and subfamilies, see list of. They were removed 15 d later when many larvae had developed to the 5th final instar.
Cryptophlebia ombrodelta, the litchi fruit moth or macadamia nut borer, is a moth of the family tortricidae. Larvae of the moth feed on a wide range of crops from cotton and macadamia nuts to citrus species. It is native to india, sri lanka, nepal, indonesia, china, taiwan, vietnam, thailand, western malaysia, new guinea, the philippines, japan, guam, the caroline islands, australia and has been introduced to hawaii. Pseudonoorda edulis, biology, control, survey, gabon. Tortricidae, an important pest of citrus, cotton, maize, and other economically important crops in tropical and subtropical africa. This culminated in the registration of the first crlegvbased biopesticide in 2004 hence, the 10 years of commercial use in the field and the second one three years later. Tortricidae, is a pest in africa, infesting, inter alia, certain citrus cultivars in southern africa. The moth was first described as a pest of citrus in natal fuller, 1901. For example, the protocol for the control of medfly consists of exposure of the commodity to 0.
They are natural enemies of numerous insects, which employ mutually related bacterial symbionts to rapidly kill their insect host. Fcm is a pest of economic importance to many crops throughout subsaharan africa, south africa, and the islands of the atlantic and indian oceans and is classified as quarantine. At 20 and 25 deg c oviposition increased rapidly soon after the first egg was laid, but at 15 deg c it. False codling moth larvae eggs are laid singly and are difficult to detect. When you click on the linked portion herpesviridae you will be sent to the appropriate section of the big picture book of viruses. The false codling moth, cryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick. Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus clgv cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus 2 entries viral cathepsin vcath ec 3. Commercial inundative releases of trichogrammatoidea. This pest has not been found within the united states.
This afrotropical species is occasionally imported accidentally as a larva in oranges and other fruits and seeds, including chilli peppers. The genome of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegv was sequenced and analyzed. This page was last edited on 27 august 2019, at 06. A detailed description of the rationale for the name change is included in this document. The pest feeds on a wide array of wild and cultivated host plants such as citrus, cotton, sorgham, corn, peach, and oak and has also been placed on the national priority list. Control of the false codling moth with the isomate mating. False codling moth thaumatotibia leucotreta ukmoths. Sabinet a study of the biology of the false codling moth. Development is continuous and adults are present yearround.
Thaumatotibia cryptophlebia leucotreta has been regularly intercepted by several eppo member countries. The presence of a larva is betrayed by a small brown patch on the skin, usually with a. False codling moth larvae are difficult to detect once they enter the fruit. Clgv is defined as cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus rarely.
Entomopathogenic nematodes epns are obligate parasites to insects. The biology of sylepta derogata fabricius pyralidae, a lepidopterous pest of okra in eastern nigeria. For this example, herpes virus b is the name of the virus, and herpesviridae is the name of its viral family. In south africa the life span of the male and female false codling moth, cryptophlebia leucotreta was observed as well as egg laying at constant temperatures of 10, 15, 20 and 25 degc. False codling moth, thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick lepidoptera. Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus clgv cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus uncharacterized 41. It is native to india, sri lanka, nepal, indonesia, china, taiwan, vietnam, thailand, western malaysia, new guinea, the philippines, japan, guam, the caroline islands, australia and has been introduced to hawa. The genome of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus. Biology and ecology of the false codling moth, thaumatotibia. A modelling study of the effects of temperature manipulation upon the control of sitophilus oryzae coleoptera. The main features of the biology of baculoviruses hunterfujita et al. A granulovirus isolated from cryptophlebia leucotreta larvae was shown through restriction endonuclease analysis to be a novel strain crlegvsa. Host status of commercial mango cultivars to thaumatotibia.
Angelini and le rumeur 10 stated that crlegv contamination, if not curtailed, was capable of causing a laboratoryreared t. Thomas, in postharvest biology and technology of tropical and subtropical fruits. Amongst the many crops targeted are avocados, beans, coffee, cotton, grapes, macadamias. Comparison of the biology of geographically distinct populations of the citrus pest. Females lay eggs on the fruits or pods of the host plant. Invasive species list and scorecards for california. Inundative releases of the egg parasitoidtrichogrammatoidea cryptophlebiae nagaraja were made againstcryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick on 5 commercial citrus farms in the western cape province, south africa, over 2 successive seasons. General information about thaumatotibia leucotreta argple it occurs throughout africa south of the sahara. In rare instances, a publisher has elected to have a zero moving wall, so their current issues are available.
Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. One such example is the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegv. A study of the biology of the false codling moth cryptophlebia. The false codling moth, cryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick lepidoptera. The false codling moth cryptophlebia leucotreta is endemic to and occurs throughout subsaharan africa and the neighboring islands of the indian and atlantic oceans. Pdf comparison of the biology of geographically distinct. Laboratory evaluation of temperature effects on the efficacy of cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegvsa on fourth.
Larvae are moderately polyphagous and have been recorded feeding on plants in several families. At three constant temperatures, 15, 20 and 25ic there was a close linear relationship between the reciprocal of the duration of the larval stage and these temperatures. Thaumatotibia cryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick tortricidae the false codling moth thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick is a key pest of citrus, stone fruit, and other crops in many countries in subsaharan africa carpenter et al. The larvae have a less selective diet than the codling moth, which feeds primarily on. About 5 generation per year may develop at pretoria. Cryptophlebia leucotreta an overview sciencedirect topics. Virulence of a south african isolate of the cryptophlebia. Both sexes lived longest at 15 degc, while most eggs were laid at 25 degc.
Thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick, the false codling moth, is an important tortricid pest that is highly polyphagous. Larvae bore into the fruit or pod and feed on the seeds. Thaumatotibia cryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick tortricidae. Clgv stands for cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus. Media in category thaumatotibia leucotreta the following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. Lepidoptera are among the greatest pests of agricultural crops globally, imposing a huge financial and socio. In trade destined to the eu it is most often intercepted on capsicum spp. Cryptophlebia ombrodelta is an important pest of macadamia, litchi, and longan fruit in asia, australia, and hawaii.
Until recently, this pest had been most commonly known as. The species was first described by oswald bertram lower in 1898. The doublestranded circular genome contains 110907 bp and potentially encodes 129 predicted open. Eucosmidae and other insect pests of the macadamia nut in hawaii1 ryoji namba hawaiiagriculturalexperiment station, universityofhawaii honolulu, hawaii presentedat the meeting ofdecember 10, 1936 the macadamia.
Surface inoculation doseresponse and timeresponse bioassays and detached fruit bioassays were conducted with a novel south african isolate of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegvsa against thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick lepidoptera. Cold sterilisation and fumigation for control of false codling moth, cryptophlebia leucotreta, in. A controlledrelease dispenser capable of releasing sex pheromone at a predetermined and constant release rate without replacement for more than seven months was produced. In the last 15 years, extensive work on the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegv has been conducted in south africa, initially in the laboratory, but subsequently also in the field. Entomopathogenic nematodes, potential industrial pest. False codling moth thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick, 19 synonyms. It was thus a pest of phytosanitary concern and impeded the export of citrus to certain countries. How is cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus abbreviated. The false codling moth thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick lepidoptera. Mar 19, 2015 thaumatotibia leucotreta used to be known as cryptophlebia leucotreta, hence, the name of the virus, but the host genus was changed in the late 1990s.
False codling moth has been frequently intercepted at united states ports of entry in both cargo and passenger luggage. The cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus10 years of. From there, in addition to viewing pictures of the viruses, you will have easy access to web. This definition appears rarely and is found in the following acronym finder categories. Thaumatotibia leucotreta an overview sciencedirect topics. Genome analysis and genetic stability of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegvsa, after 15 years of commercial use as a biopesticide. It is not known to be established in north america touhey, 2010. The false codling moth, cryptophlebia leucotreta meyr. Viruses free fulltext the cryptophlebia leucotreta. Both sexes lived longest at 15 deg c, while most eggs were laid at 25 deg c.
The moving wall represents the time period between the last issue available in jstor and the most recently published issue of a journal. This is a list of all virus species, including satellites and viroids. The editors encourage contributions that use applied ecological problems to test and develop basic ecological theory, although there must be clear potential for improving management. Karvonen, 1983 following the detection of a single adult male in a trap in ventura county, california, usa, in 2008 gilligan et al. Thaumatotibia leucotreta, the false codling moth fcm, is a phytosanitary pest in south. One rearing jar was collected at random from the batch of 125 jars, the diet removed and 70 larvae were. These epns are continuing to constitute a great deal of interest for. Pupation occurs in the fruit or pod or in the ground. This species was previously known as cryptophlebia leucotreta but was removed from the genus. If this occurs early on, the fruit may ripen prematurely and drop off.
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